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LoginPallava Dynasty had the most powerful empire in South India that ruled between 275 CE to 897 CE (nearly 500 years).
Origin:As per Manimekalai, a Sangam period classic, there was a liaison between a Naga king from Manipallava and a Chola king, Killavalvan. The Naga king gave his daughter in marriage in this liaison, which was the origin of Pallava Dynasty.
Another theory by Velurpalaiyam plates mentions different Pallava king instead of Chola king.
As per the historian K. R. Subramanian a, Pallavas were originally Telugu power and not Tamil.
K. A. Nilakanta Sastri proposed that Pallavas were North Indians who moved to south India.
Kings and Expansion:The Pallavas conquered the coastline regions of Thondaimandalam in Pallavapuri which got washed away by the sea.
The Pallavas moved to Kanchipuram and built their empire from Trichi in the south and northern Odisha to Tanjore.
Skandavarman was the first Pallava ruler and he got the title of "Supreme King of Kings devoted to Dharma" after he performed many Vedic rituals and Ashwamedha.
From 350 AD to 575 AD there were 16 Pallava kings. Their region extended to parts of Tanjore, Chengalpet and Arcot.
From 560 AD to 580 AD, a strong ruler king Sambashivu ruled. Sambashivu’s portrait is present in the Adi Varaha temple in Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu.
Mahendravarman succeeded Sambashivu and ruled from 600 AD to 630 AD and he was a poet, learned and a musician. The cave temple of cave temples of Mahabalipuram was initiated during his rule. Pulakesi II a Chakyat king attached and defeated Mahendravarman in 620AD. Thereafter Mahendravarman suffered major health issues. He had multiple battles with Pulakesi II but never succeeded and he died in the year 630 AD.
Narasimhavarman succeeded Mahendravarman and fought and defeated Pulakesi II. Finally Narasimhavarman avenged his father and took control of Badami and he ruled for 13 years. He developed a very strong naval army and built various beautiful temples of Mahablipuram and Kanchipuram.
Languages:Sanskrit and Prakrit were the official languages of Pallava dynasty. It was common for rulers to use Prakrit language so that they could exclude the common man from of the sharing power.
Tamil and Sanskrit were the official languages of the Pallavas in the Tamil region.
Religion:Pallava rulers followed Hinduism. They gifted lands to gods and Brahmins. Ashwamedha and Vedic rituals were prevalent in Pallava reign. They accepted their subjects to follow other faiths too.
Architechture:Pallavas were highly architectural. Their rock cut temples are very famous. Mostly the earlier temples were for Shiva. Few of the famous temples are, the Shore Temple, rock cut temple in Mahendravadi, the famous Tondeswaram temple of Tenavarai and the Kailasanatha temple in Kanchipuram.
Decline:Aparajitavarman was the last Pallava king. Around close to 9 th century the Chola king defeated Aparajitavarman and that was the when the great Pallava dynasty came to an end.
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